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SOLAR PV SYSTEM
Types of Solar PV systems and which one is right for me?
- On-Grid Solar Power Systems
- Off-Grid Solar Power Systems
- Hybrid model
- Modular Hybrid system
- It is a solar power setup that:
- Generates electricity using solar panels.
- Sends excess power back to the utility grid.
- Draws power from the grid when solar production is low (e.g., at night or during cloudy weather).
- Grid-tie systems do not use batteries for energy storage (though hybrid systems can include both).
What Does It Consist Of?
1. Solar Panels
- Capture sunlight and convert it into direct current (DC) electricity.
2. Grid-Tie Inverter
- Converts the DC electricity from the solar panels into alternating current (AC), which is compatible with the utility grid and household appliances.
- Synchronizes with the grid frequency and voltage.
3. AC Breaker Panel (Electrical Panel)
- Distributes electricity to the building’s circuits and appliances.
4. Utility Meter / Net Meter
- Measures the energy used from the grid and the excess solar energy sent back.
- Enables net metering, where surplus electricity fed into the grid can offset your electric bill.
5. Utility Grid Connection
- Ensures a continuous power supply by supplementing solar energy with grid power when needed.
Key Benefits
- Lower electricity bills via net metering.
- No need for batteries, reducing upfront costs.
- Reliable power supply, thanks to grid backup.
A solar off-grid model is a solar power system that operates independently of the public electricity grid. It is designed to generate, store, and supply electricity without relying on any external power source. This model is commonly used in remote areas or places where grid access is unreliable or unavailable.
Components of an Off-Grid Solar System
1. Solar Panels (PV Modules)
- Capture sunlight and convert it into direct current (DC) electricity.
2. Charge Controller
- Regulates the voltage and current coming from the solar panels to the batteries.
- Prevents overcharging and deep discharge, extending battery life.
3. Battery Bank
- Stores the electricity generated during the day for use at night or during cloudy days.
- Common battery types: Lead-Acid, Lithium-Ion.
4. Inverter
- Converts stored DC power in the batteries into alternating current (AC) used by household appliances.
5. Load (Appliances and Devices)
- The electrical devices powered by the system, such as lights, fans, refrigerators, etc.
6. Backup Generator (Optional)
- Used as an emergency power source when solar and battery storage are insufficient (e.g., long cloudy periods).
How It Works (Flow of Power)
1. Daytime:
- Solar panels generate DC electricity from sunlight.
- The charge controller regulates this power and stores excess energy in batteries.
- The inverter converts solar DC to AC for immediate appliance use.
2. Nighttime / Cloudy Days:
- No solar generation.
- The system draws power from the batteries via the inverter.
Advantages
- Independent from the grid (ideal for remote or disaster-prone areas).
- No electricity bills.
- Provides power during blackouts.
Limitations
- Higher upfront cost (mainly due to batteries).
- Limited energy storage capacity.
- Requires careful energy management to avoid running out of stored power.
A hybrid solar system is a solar power setup that integrates photovoltaic (PV) solar panels with energy storage solutions like batteries. It generates electricity from solar panels while storing surplus energy in batteries for use during low sunlight conditions or peak energy demand periods. This type of system combines the benefits of grid-connected solar power with energy independence, enabling homes or businesses to maximize the use of solar energy efficiently.
Key Components
1. Solar Panels (Rooftop Mounted)
- Capture sunlight and convert it into electricity.
2. Hybrid Inverter
- Manages power from solar panels, the battery, and the grid.
- Converts DC power (from solar and battery) to AC for household use.
3. Battery Storage
- Stores excess solar energy generated during the day for use at night or during outages.
4. Grid Connection (Optional)
- Allows the system to draw electricity from or feed excess energy into the public grid.
5. Load (Home/Office Appliances)
- Devices and appliances that consume electricity.
How It Works
1. Daytime (Sunny Weather):
- Solar panels generate power → powers loads → excess goes to battery → surplus (if any) exported to grid.
2. Nighttime / Cloudy Days:
- Battery discharges stored energy → if depleted, grid power kicks in.
3. Grid Outage:
- System switches to battery + solar automatically, ensuring backup.
Advantages
- Uninterrupted Power Supply – Seamless switch between solar, battery, and grid.
- Energy Independence – Reduces reliance on grid electricity.
- Cost Savings – Lower electricity bills; potential to earn via net metering.
- Eco-Friendly – Uses renewable energy, cutting carbon emissions.
Common Use Cases
- Residential homes in cities with frequent power cuts.
- Commercial buildings aiming for lower energy bills and backup power.
- Schools, hospitals, and data centers needing uninterrupted power.
A grid-tied solar power system operating under the net metering scheme supplies any surplus electricity—beyond the consumer’s immediate demand—back to the electrical grid. For safety reasons, these systems are designed with an anti-islanding feature that automatically shuts down the inverter during a grid outage (power cut). This functionality is mandatory under Grid Connectivity Regulations to ensure operational safety. As a result, during such interruptions, the solar energy generated by the photovoltaic (PV) modules is also halted and effectively wasted, since the system cannot operate independently without the grid.
To address this issue, Powergate Energy Mysore Pvt. Ltd. has developed an innovative system that enables the utilization of solar energy during grid outages—without compromising any safety regulations or system functions. The solution features a proprietary, custom-designed AutoSwitch integrated with a compatible UPS system, which intelligently redirects the power generated by the solar PV modules to supply the consumer’s loads during power interruptions.
Smart Solar Backup Solution
by Powergate Energy Mysore Pvt. Ltd.
Unlock the Full Potential of Your Grid-Tied Solar System – Even During Power Cuts
Key Advantages
1. Solar Power During Outages
- Continue to power your home or business using solar energy even when the grid goes down — no more wasted solar output during power cuts.
2. 100% Safety-Compliant
- The system fully complies with all Grid Connectivity Regulations, including the mandatory anti-islanding feature, ensuring complete operational safety.
3. Proprietary AutoSwitch Technology
- A custom-engineered AutoSwitch seamlessly transfers solar power to your essential loads without manual action, ensuring uninterrupted energy flow.
4. Integrated with UPS
- Works in tandem with a compatible UPS system to deliver a consistent and stable power supply during grid failures.
5. Enhanced Efficiency & ROI
- Maximize your return on solar investment by using every unit of energy produced — reducing both energy waste and your electricity bills.
6. Less Dependence on Grid or Generators
- Enjoy partial energy independence and cut back on generator usage, diesel costs, and grid reliance.
7. Perfect for Residential & Commercial Use
- Ideal for homes, offices, schools, and small industries, especially in areas with intermittent power supply like Mysore.
8. Power Smarter. Save More. Stay Connected.
- Powergate Energy Mysore Pvt. Ltd. brings you innovation with reliability—delivering energy independence without compromising safety.
